This was a notable covenant because like Noah, God’s promises to Abram in this instance were unconditional, God committed Himself to Abram and his seed, and the land would always belong to Abram and his family. God called Abraham to produce great nations, innumerable as the stars, so that in Abram’s seed, all nations of the world would be blessed. This record of God’s Covenant with Abram along with Genesis 13, is a foundational record for Biblical Astronomy because, Abram’s numbering of the stars here pertains not only to his recognition that his heirs relate to the 12 signs of the zodiac, as seen in his grandson Jacob’s prophecy over his 12 Sons in Gen. 49, but also that God’s promised seed would be part of Abram’s genetic line. The following verses show where God’s Covenant with Abraham, Isaac and Jacob would be the basis for all peoples of their relation with the Promised Seed; [Gen. 22:17, 26:4, 37:9, 49:1-28, Exod. 32:13, Num. 24:17, Deut. 1:10, 10:22, 28:62, I Chron. 27:23, Neh. 9:23, Ps. 8:2-3, Acts 7:42-43].

Genesis 21:12b also states; “for in Isaac thy seed shall be called.” Abram knew there was a coming Messiah, and this told him the Messiah would come from his own genetic line. Galatains 3:16 tells us that this promised seed was Christ! This record also sets the basis for the Astronomy of the Biblical Patriarchs from Adam to Noah, and how these celestial principles were carried forward in nation of, in the Old Testament Law symbolism of the Hebrew Tabernacle and Temple, and it’s priests. All of this would be completed by the Jesus Christ as he fulfilled all the demands of the Passover Lamb, along with the King, and High Priest, after the Order of Melchisedek. [Heb. 7:21]

  God’s Covenant with Noah also deserves a closer look, because as another example of an unconditional covenant, its scope was far reaching, and applied to much more than Noah and his immediate family. Gen. 6:18 records that; God would establish His Covenant with Noah, and his family. After the flood had subsided and dry land was found, Noah honored God by building an altar and sacrificing unto Him [Gen. 8:20]. God promised not to “smite anymore every living thing…” as He had done in the flood. [Gen. 8:21]. In verse 22, God promises that: as long as the Earth remains, there would be seedtime, harvest, cold and heat, summer and winter, and day and night shall not cease. It is interesting to realize that the seasons of summer and winter that God promises would not cease here, are based on the Earth’s axis tilt, also known as the obliquity cycle. The Covenant of Day and Night is also included in this promise. There have been numerous doomsayers that predicted a radical shifting of the earth’s polar axis off of its current orientation of 23 degrees 27 minutes, and the impending disaster that would result. These predictions directly contradict God’s promises here in His Covenant with Noah! In Jeremiah 33, God connects this Covenant of Day and Night with the coming of the promised seed, in the royal lineage of the House of David.

Jeremiah 33:20-22
Thus says the Lord: If you can break My covenant with the day and with the night, so that there will not be day and night in their season, then My covenant may also be broken with David My servant, so that he shall not have a son to reign on his throne, and with the Levites, the priests, My ministers. As the host of heaven cannot be numbered, nor the sand of the sea measured, so will I multiply the descendants of David My servant and the Levites who minister to Me.

 The point of this comparison of Covenants is not that they are both perpetual covenants, because day and night will cease [Rev. 21:23], since Christ will be the light in the coming world, fulfilling his call as the SUN of Righteousness, [Mal. 4:2]. The point is that all the Covenants God made, whether with Noah, Abraham or David, realize their complete fulfillment in Christ, Who is the embodiment of God’s eternal purpose, His plan for the ages.
The Blood Covenant of the Old Testament of course had numerous requirements that man needed to uphold, to reap the benefits of God’s promises, for example circumcision, which was the token in the flesh of man’s recognition to uphold his commitments to keep God’s commandments. Christ became the perfect sacrifice to fulfill every aspect of this OT Law, to accomplish our redemption forever, and the sacrifice of his innocent blood stands as the greatest example ever of God’s love and commitment by any man, for those who are heirs of God’s promises to Abraham unto this day. Acts 3:25 says that we are children of God’s Covenant with Abraham, and our spiritual inheritance in the Age of Grace is rooted in the precedents of the OT Law. We no longer live under the OT Law because Christ fulfilled it, and today we live by obedience, and our commitment to the Heavenly Father. The Covenant of the New Testament has superseded the OT Law, and it cannot be broken. It guarantees eternal life to all joint-heirs of Christ, embodied in the gift of holy spirit, given initially on the day of Pentecost [Acts 2]. Christ’s perfect sacrifice for us represents the completion of the Blood Covenant between God and Man.

  The second Covenant we will consider here is the Covenant of Salt. Like the Blood Covenant, this is known as a perpetual covenant [Num. 18:19], thus it is still carried on today, especially by believer’s in the Eastern cultures. In this vein, salt itself has preservative qualities, and is a proper symbol of perpetual duration. Salt was a required component of OT sacrifices, and sacrificial meals. Salt also has healing and flavorful qualities, and it is a basic requirement for human life. Levi. 2:13 sets the Godly standard for sacrificial offerings in the OT Law, which were offered by the Levitical priesthood. Salt symbolized the commitment of the person making the offering. Even today, the believer’s in the NT Church, are to be “living sacrifices” to God [Rom. 12:1], and for these sacrifices to be genuine, they must be supported by the true commitment of the individual. Lacking this true commitment from the heart, the individual’s words and deeds become what Christ called “vain repetitions,” [Matt. 6:7]. I Cor. 4:1-2 states that faithfulness as a requirement among the stewards of the mysteries, it is not optional equipment!
  The greatest example among men of faithfulness and salted commitment is the Lord Jesus Christ. Luke 2:7 records how the infant Jesus was salted at birth, in his “swaddling clothes.” This is an Orientalism indicating that culture’s practice that when a king was born, he was wrapped in expensive cloth strips or “swaddling clothes.” Prior to this wrapping the infant would be washed in salt water, as an indication of righteous kingly judgment which would be required of him during his lifetime. Thus the wrapping in swaddling clothes symbolized that the kings words & lifestyle would be salted before God and the people of his kingdom. As King of Kings [Rev. 17:14, 19:16], Jesus Christ is the ultimate example of this righteous judgment. This is also apparent in his genetic lineage as the root and offspring of David [Rev. 5:5]. As we follow his exemplary example of salted commitment, we become what Christ called his disciples in Matt. 5:13, the salt of the earth. Our commitment to God needs to remain undiluted, and many times this takes a day-by-day decision. When we put God first in our lives, everything else falls into place. When we acknowledge the Heavenly Father as our true Source in every category of life, we will reap the full benefits of these perpetual covenants with God, not only for ourselves but our loved ones also. God is the Source of all that is good in life, and when we put Him in His proper place, we will experience this peace, prosperity, health, long life and abundance in every category, [John 10:10].

  Another perpetual covenant I’d like to mention here is the Sabbath [Ex. 31:16, Levi. 24:8]. The Blessings of the Sabbath are perpetual based on God’s Works during the Creation Week, which was capped off on the 7th day [Gen. 2:2-3]. This is the reason man recognizes the seven-day “week” in his time reckonings, and it is a powerful witness to the Biblical number 7 as a symbol of spiritual perfection. As man has continued this practice of reckoning by sevens, also known as septenary order, there are benefits to be reaped from this covenant written and enacted by God in Genesis, prior to the Mosaic Law. This does not mean that we allow anyone to install this as a legal requirement over our heads [Col. 2:16], but a recognition of the Sabbatical cycle in the context of the Hebrew Calendar and Jubilee festival, can be instructive when considering the ministry of Christ, and how he fulfilled this aspect of the OT Law. This is an important topic in our study of Biblical Astronomy principles which are evident in other studies on our website, like The Calendar of the Biblical Patriarchs. This study points out among many other things that the cycles of the Sun and Moon are correlated via the phi ratio [1.618] in the 50-year Jubilee cycle, because there are 618 full moons every 50 solar years. This not only exhibits another phi relation in our solar system, but also ties this divine knowledge to the Hebrew calendar as commanded in Levitcus 25. Thus, God is fully aware of this phi relation in our solar system, even as He is all the other phi/Fibonacci/Lucas relations, here & throughout the Natural World, since He instituted them in His Creation, to give glory to His Omnipotence. We find Scriptural evidence of this is in Jeremiah 31. 

Jeremiah 31:35
Thus saith the Lord, Which giveth the Sun for a light by day, and the ordinances of the Moon and of the stars for a light by night, Which divideth the sea when the waves thereof roar; the Lord of Hosts is His name: 

  The Hebrew word for "ordinance" here, is also used in Job 38:33, in reference to the "ordinances of Heaven" in an astronomical context [Job 38:31-32]. This Hebrew word for "ordinance" is also used in reference to Natural Law as seen in Job 28:26, in the context of the Laws of Nature, as prescibed by God concerning the "rain, lightning and thunder." The laws of the golden section, govern many aspects of the Natural World, and exhibit the Creator's symmetrical Intelligent Design of His Creation at all levels. The preponderance of the phi ratio throughout the Four Kingdoms of Life, in both living and non-living systems is an awesome testimony to proportional order employed by the Creator, as seen in the ratios of planetary orbits in our Solar System. This phi ratio, also called the "Divine Proportion," is arrived at by a comparison. The relationship that becomes evident in this comparison is divine, because it is found consistently throughout all levels of the Natural World. In the comparison of the divine proportion, the whole is to the larger as the larger is to the smaller. As we observe the Natural World, if we follow this exemplar pattern of the divine proportion, we will compare the larger with the smaller, in the context of the whole. The graphic illustrated in Plate II below also