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Vista aérea del Fermilab. El anillo en primer plano es el Inyector Principal, y el anillo posterior es el Tevatrón.
El Laboratorio Nacional Fermi es un laboratorio de física de altas energías, llamado así en honor al físico Enrico Fermi, pionero en física de partículas; se encuentra localizado 50 kilómetros al oeste deChicago. En el Fermilab está instalado el segundo acelerador de partículas más potente del mundo (el primero es el Gran colisionador de hadrones), el Tevatrón, usado para descubrir el quark cima.
Fermilab, originalmente llamado National Accelerator Laboratory, fue encargado por la Comisión de Energía Atómica de EE.UU. bajo un proyecto de ley firmado por el presidente Lyndon B. Johnson el 21 de noviembre de 1967.
El 11 de mayo de 1974, el laboratorio recibió su actual nombre en homenaje de Enrico Fermi, ganador del Premio Nobel en 1938 y uno de los físicos pioneros de la era atómica.
Dos componentes muy importantes del modelo actual de partículas fundamentales fueron descubiertos en Fermilab: el quark fondo (mayo - junio 1977) y el quark cima (febrero 1995). En julio 2000, los investigadores del Fermilab anunciaron la primera observación directa del neutrino tauónico, la última partícula fundamental en ser observada. Llenando el hueco final en el modelo actual, el neutrino tauónico estableció el primer paso para nuevos descubrimientos y un nuevo modelo de física con la inauguración del Collider Run II del Tevatron en marzo de 2001. Hasta el 10 de septiembre de 2008, fecha en que se inauguró el LHC, el Tevatron, de 4 millas de circunferencia, y originalmente llamado Doubler de Energía cuando empezó sus funciones en 1983, fue el acelerador de partículas de más alta energía del mundo. Sus 1.000 imanes superconductores son enfriados por helio líquido a -268 °C. Su sistema de refrigeración era el más grande de la historia en 1983.
Directores de FERMILAB[editar]
Enlaces externos[editar]
Coordenadas:  41°49′55″N 88°15′26″O (mapa)
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You are my inspiration, I possess few web logs and infrequently run out from post :). "Actions lie louder than words." by Carolyn Wells.
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Source: Facts.net
Welcome to our daily historical journey! In this article, we will explore the intriguing events and interesting facts that occurred on September 27th throughout history. It’s fascinating to delve into the past and uncover the significant milestones, memorable moments, and noteworthy achievements that shape our world today. From groundbreaking discoveries and technological advancements to political events and cultural milestones, September 27th has proven to be a day of great importance. This day holds a treasure trove of historical significance, and by exploring the events that unfolded on this date, we gain a deeper understanding of our collective past. So, join us as we embark on a captivating journey through time to discover all the facts and events that have taken place on September 27th in history.
HISTORICAL EVENTS
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1954: The U.S. Army opens the first nuclear power station at Shippingport, Pennsylvania.
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1964: The Warren Commission releases its report, concluding that Lee Harvey Oswald acted alone in the assassination of President John F. Kennedy.
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1996: Taliban forces seize control of Kabul, the capital of Afghanistan.
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2008: SpaceX launches the Falcon 1, becoming the first privately-funded liquid-fueled rocket to reach orbit.
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2014: Hong Kong pro-democracy protests, also known as the “Umbrella Movement,” begin after China announces plans for strict control over Hong Kong’s elections.
SCIENTIFIC BREAKTHROUGHS
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1825: George Stephenson successfully operates the first practical steam locomotive, the “Locomotion No. 1,” on the Stockton and Darlington Railway in England.
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1942: The first successful controlled nuclear chain reaction is achieved by a team led by Enrico Fermi at the University of Chicago.
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1998: The first robotic mission to Mars, NASA’s Mars Pathfinder, deploys the Sojourner rover and begins transmitting valuable scientific data back to Earth.
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2007: NASA’s Dawn spacecraft is launched, embarking on a mission to study the protoplanet Vesta and the dwarf planet Ceres.
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2015: Scientists announce the discovery of liquid water on Mars, raising the possibility of potential microbial life on the planet.
  Enrico Fermi, Italian-American physicist, received the 1938 Nobel Prize in physics for identifying new elements and discovering nuclear reactions by his method of nuclear irradiation and bombardment. He was born in Rome, Italy, on September 29, 1901, and died in Chicago, Illinois, on November 28, 1954.
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Different cyclotron size: a) Lawrence ́s first one, b) Venezuela First one (courtesy of Dorly Coehlo), c) Fermi National Laboratory at CERN. And size matters, and Cyclotrons win as best hospital candidates due to Reactors are bigger, harder and difficult to be set in a hospital installation. Can you imagine a nuclear reactor inside a health installation? Radiation Protection Program will consume all the budget available. Size, controlled reactions, electrical control, made cyclotrons easy to install, and baby cyclotrons come selfshielded so hospital don ́t need to spend money in a extremely large bunker. Now on, we are going to talk about our first experience with the set up of a baby cyclotron for medical uses inside the first PET installation in Latin America. “Baby” means its acceleration “D” diameters are suitable to be set inside a standard hospital room dimensions, with all its needs to be safetly shielded for production transmision and synthetized for human uses for imaging in Nuclear Medicine PET routine. When we ask why Cyclotrons are better than reactors for radioisotopes production to be used in Medicine, we also have to have in mind that they has: 1. Less radioactive waste 2. Less harmful debris
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Different-cyclotron-size-a-Lawrence-s-first-one-b-Venezuela-First-one-courtesy-of_fig3_221906035 |
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