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QUIMICA: CERN SCIENTISTS GET THE FIRST GLANCE OF THE INNARDS OF ANTI-MATTER
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De: BARILOCHENSE6999  (Mensaje original) Enviado: 22/09/2024 04:19

CERN SCIENTISTS GET THE FIRST GLANCE OF THE INNARDS OF ANTI-MATTER

 
CERN scientists get the first glance of the innards of anti-matter
After more than two decades of trying a team at C.E.R.N. have announced the first ever successful measurement of a spectral line for an antihydrogen atom.
The idea of antimatter was first posited in 1928 by British physicist Paul Dirac and suggests that for every particle of matter there is a corresponding particle of antimatter in a form of symmetry. The Big Bang should have created matter and antimatter in equal amounts to maintain that symmetry. But the universe as we know it is dominated by matter, with little antimatter present at all. So figuring out why this asymmetry exists would help us understand the origin and evolution of this wondrous universe we all call home.

Posted: Tue 20 Dec 2016

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De: BARILOCHENSE6999 Enviado: 22/09/2024 04:21

What Are Matter And Antimatter? We Don’t Disappear As There Is A ‘Little More’ Matter Than Antimatter, A CERN Physicist Says

Science For Everyone: This week, in ABP Live's science column, we discuss what matter and antimatter are, and what a CERN physicist says about the matter-antimatter asymmetry.

 

Matter-Antimatter Asymmetry: Welcome back to "Science For Everyone", ABP Live's weekly science column. Last week, we discussed what dark matter and dark energy are. This week, we discuss what matter and antimatter are, and what a CERN physicist says about the matter-antimatter asymmetry. When the Big Bang happened, matter as well as antimatter was created. It is believed that matter and antimatter must have been created in equal amounts, but eventually, something caused the balance to be tipped. 

This is known as the matter-antimatter asymmetry. It is because of this asymmetry that everything we see around us exists.

https://news.abplive.com/science/matter-antimatter-asymmetry-big-bang-energy-disappear-particle-antiparticle-elementary-particles-cern-scientist-archana-sharma-1620891

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De: BARILOCHENSE6999 Enviado: 22/09/2024 04:25
CERN Experiment Confirms Antimatter Falls Down - GSpedia

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De: BARILOCHENSE6999 Enviado: 30/09/2024 02:33

Angels & Demons: the Swansea connection

This article is more than 14 years old
How do you make a bottle to store antimatter in? Don't ask Dan Brown; ask Professor Mike Charlton of Swansea University, who is researching the complex world of particle theory, in Cern
 
Tue 17 Nov 2009 00.05 GMT

When Tom Hanks's character, Robert Langdon, hunts down the secret Illuminati brotherhood in the film of Dan Brown's bestseller Angels & Demons, the cameras follow him tracking down stolen antimatter in a secret laboratory at Cern, the home of the European Organisation for Nuclear Research and the infamous Large Hadron Collider. There, Langdon meets in-house scientist Vittoria Vetra and we viewers get an insight into the complex world of physics housed at Cern, in Switzerland.

But for Swansea University professor Mike Charlton, the techy setting of Angels & Demons is just his own office. Every few weeks, Charlton, a senior research fellow in physics, heads to Cern to carry out experiments and develop his research into the complex world of particle theory. A world away from Dan Brown's findings – Angels & Demons is "science fiction but great for what it does to boost interest in science", says Charlton – he is leading Swansea's involvement in an international project on antimatter called Alpha.

 

It's a massive collaboration, Charlton says, of around 40 scientists from institutions ranging from the University of California, Berkeley to the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil – but antimatter? I'm already a little lost. Luckily, he provides a potted physics lesson. Antimatter, I'm told, was formed in the Big Bang, when for every particle of matter created, a matching "antiparticle" was born, identical in mass but with the opposite electric charge. For the first few moments of its life the universe was balanced, but just a short time later the antimatter disappeared, leaving only matter to form the entire cosmos.

When Brown's plot arrives at Cern, a stolen gram of antimatter is sneaked out of the Geneva science base with the aim of being used as a devastating weapon. In reality, Charlton explains, that's impossible. The Alpha research project is currently working on finding a way to collect and then retain antimatter – moving it around just isn't possible right now.

"We're currently researching how to make and then store antimatter in order to research and study its properties," he says. "That means making a very special bottle for it – since antimatter will annihilate on contact with matter – and it's hardly portable. It is connected to a huge power supply, because we need an enormous magnetic field to make and hold the antimatter, for one thing. Even if you could move that, our storage bottle is huge – about the size of five filing cabinets, and 10 times as heavy – so it would take a day to move it only 10 yards. Plus, the contents are incredibly fragile."

Charlton also takes issue with the way Brown's novel suggests that physicists can create antimatter in amounts that could cause a destructive explosion. It's impossible, says Charlton. "If you wanted to make an explosion, you'd use materials that are ready at hand – which antimatter really isn't," he explains. "We're working on it, but the process means producing each atom individually, using an expensive machine which, every minute or so, can only make a few million anti-nuclei – the heavy parts we need to create the atoms of antimatter."

"To make an explosion, you'd need a massive amount more than that. And it would require so much power that it's well beyond the realms of reality."

The Cern project has been hitting the headlines over the last year or so, but it was back in 1986 that Charlton and a colleague started talking about prospects for making antimatter. They started to hear about a machine at Cern that might be able to help them out – but Charlton admits "it still took ages to get going".

He realised that there was "a massive problem with antimatter": its very existence contradicts the understanding of how the universe formed and exists. "So now we know it does exist, we have to try to answer the question as to why did all the antimatter disappear in the early universe, and allow it to evolve resulting in the formation of stars and planets – and us?"

On a day-to-day basis, however, Charlton says his work can be a lot more mundane. "When we're carrying out an experiment, it's almost entirely remote-controlled, since you can't go near the particle beams. So in between, we're focused on repairing or upgrading apparatus. Sometimes that involves software, other times it's just crawling around unbolting flanges – very unglamorous, but it has to be done!"

When an experiment throws up an interesting result, the team has to try to interpret the data. "Often it looks like I'm not working at all, just lost in thought," Charlton says. "Cern work can be tough," he explains. The work runs to a tight schedule, since "the antiproton beam time is rationed and we don't want to waste any".

Charlton and his fellow physicists work day and night shifts, and normally sleep nearby in one of the Cern hostels. "They have comfortable rooms, usually en suite," Charlton says. "And there are two canteens on the main Cern site, so if I'm busy I'll eat all three meals a day there. It can get quite draining. In the early days I once spent three weeks on site, without leaving Cern once. At the time I thought nothing of it – looking back I think I must have been crazy. On the whole, though, I love the work – I wouldn't want to be doing anything else."

https://www.theguardian.com/education/2009/nov/17/cern-particle-theory-research

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De: BARILOCHENSE6999 Enviado: 08/10/2024 13:32
Different cyclotron size: a) Lawrence ́s first one, b) Venezuela First one (courtesy of Dorly Coehlo), c) Fermi National Laboratory at CERN. And size matters, and Cyclotrons win as best hospital candidates due to Reactors are bigger, harder and difficult to be set in a hospital installation. Can you imagine a nuclear reactor inside a health installation? Radiation Protection Program will consume all the budget available. Size, controlled reactions, electrical control, made cyclotrons easy to install, and baby cyclotrons come selfshielded so hospital don ́t need to spend money in a extremely large bunker. Now on, we are going to talk about our first experience with the set up of a baby cyclotron for medical uses inside the first PET installation in Latin America. “Baby” means its acceleration “D” diameters are suitable to be set inside a standard hospital room dimensions, with all its needs to be safetly shielded for production transmision and synthetized for human uses for imaging in Nuclear Medicine PET routine. When we ask why Cyclotrons are better than reactors for radioisotopes production to be used in Medicine, we also have to have in mind that they has: 1. Less radioactive waste 2. Less harmful debris 

Different cyclotron size: a) Lawrence ́s first one, b) Venezuela First one (courtesy of Dorly Coehlo), c) Fermi National Laboratory at CERN. And size matters, and Cyclotrons win as best hospital candidates due to Reactors are bigger, harder and difficult to be set in a hospital installation. Can you imagine a nuclear reactor inside a health installation? Radiation Protection Program will consume all the budget available. Size, controlled reactions, electrical control, made cyclotrons easy to install, and baby cyclotrons come selfshielded so hospital don ́t need to spend money in a extremely large bunker. Now on, we are going to talk about our first experience with the set up of a baby cyclotron for medical uses inside the first PET installation in Latin America. “Baby” means its acceleration “D” diameters are suitable to be set inside a standard hospital room dimensions, with all its needs to be safetly shielded for production transmision and synthetized for human uses for imaging in Nuclear Medicine PET routine. When we ask why Cyclotrons are better than reactors for radioisotopes production to be used in Medicine, we also have to have in mind that they has: 1. Less radioactive waste 2. Less harmful debris 

https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Different-cyclotron-size-a-Lawrence-s-first-one-b-Venezuela-First-one-courtesy-of_fig3_221906035
Fuego elemento - Angels & Demons | OpenMovieMap
John 1:18 No man has seen God at any time, the only begotten Son, which is  in the bosom of the Father, he has declared him.
John 1:18 No one has seen God at any time; the only begotten God who is in  the bosom of the Father, He has explained Him.
John 1:18
Jesus and the Big Bang: Prologue John 1:1-18 | One Small Voice
John 1:18 No one has seen God at any time; the only begotten God who is in  the bosom of the Father, He has explained Him.
John 1:18 - Bible verse - DailyVerses.net
John 1:18 - Bible verse (KJV) - DailyVerses.net


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