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“Banking secrecy has its roots in Calvinism”
Calvin's influence spread well beyond Geneva RDB
Today's Switzerland - and its cherished bank secrecy - still reflect the influence of church reformer Jean Calvin, an economic think tank director tells swissinfo.
This content was published onApril 26, 2009 - 10:21
6 minutes
Xavier Comtesse, who heads the western Swiss branch of Avenir Suisse, says Calvin stood for morality in the granting of credit, but also for protection of the personal sphere.
This year marks the 500th birthday of the religious reformer whose ideas shaped the Protestant Church. In his honour Protestant denominations have designated 2009 Calvin Year.
Calvin, who spent much of his time working in Geneva, not only influenced democracy in Switzerland but modern-day thinking on both moral and financial matters, Comtesse believes.
swissinfo: What is the basis of Calvin’s Protestantism?
Xavier Comtesse: It is based on the Bible written in the language of the people, on the separation of church and state, and on the understanding that the grassroots faithful – who fund the community – choose their own priests.
This Calvinist form of institutional organisation has also over time had an influence on non-religious areas of the Swiss mentality. All state institutions remain separate from religious ones, and bottom up participation in political decisions continues from communal to national level.
Both lead to an emancipation of the people, an ’empowerment’, as we say today.
swissinfo: What would Switzerland look like today without Calvin?
X.C.: I don’t think we’d have direct democracy without this popular emancipation that was spurred on by Calvin. We would probably be a republic [with an elected president], like our neighbours. Of course when talking about German-speaking Switzerland we should mention [Zurich reformer Huldrych] Zwingli just as much as Calvin.
This communication from community organisations up to the highest state level is typical for us Swiss.
swissinfo: To what extent was Geneva more significant than Zurich?
X.C.: In those days French-speaking Switzerland did not exist. Geneva was the place to be – across the whole country. Basel was worth considering, but Zurich wasn’t. Neither was Bern nor Lausanne.
That is also why Calvin is rated so much more important internationally than Zwingli. Even in the post-Napoleonic period Zurich was smaller than Geneva both in the number of inhabitants and economically.
swissinfo: How did Calvin stamp the mark of the Reformation and the image of Switzerland on the world?
X.C.: I know most about his influence on the United States. There Calvinism is very pronounced with around 15 million Calvinists – called Presbyterians in Anglo-Saxon countries.
There are also communities in Scotland and South Korea. Worldwide there are said to be around 50 million Presbyterians. But there are very few of them in Switzerland.
swissinfo: What was Calvin’s influence on the economy and banking?
X.C.: As a reaction to the papal selling of indulgences as a mean of raising money for Rome, Calvin was one of the first church leaders to permit the granting of loans with interest – albeit tied to high moral standards.
That forged a link with the present: extortionate interest didn’t come into question, therefore the loans had to be cheap. As in religion and politics, the thinking behind this banking was to protect the citizen through high moral standards.
Also considered worth protecting by Protestantism was the personal sphere. Add this to being able to bank and you get banking secrecy.
swissinfo: Historically banking secrecy was meant to protect citizens from state interference.
X.C.: Exactly. And that’s why there are many misunderstandings concerning the term. The description ‘banking secrecy’ is actually incorrect – ‘protection of the private sphere by the bank’ would be more appropriate.
Such legal protection is not unique to Switzerland. In France for example a wife has no right to any information about her husband’s bank account – French legal law considers that his private sphere.
We Swiss simply go one step further. We protect against any state despotism. This way of thinking has historical roots in Protestantism, which in Calvin’s time sought to protect the people against the despotism of the powerful Catholic Church.
swissinfo: What remains from these Calvinist ethics today – bearing in mind the drama playing out in the world of banking and finance?
X.C.: At the moment we’re in a moral crisis. As a result we’ll soon have to grapple more with social responsibility.
That will be a form of secular Calvinism with new, still moral, but no longer religious characteristics. Regarding quality for example – new ISO standards in the area of quality attempt to rectify deficits in the area of responsibility.
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is based in Geneva – like many other international institutions. This is also part of Calvin’s legacy.
Another ‘Geneva’ institution is the World Wide Web – invented at Cern. This also works ‘Calvinistically’ insofar as it enables direct access to information to the population, or rather the user.
Until now, powerful intermediaries were needed for this access. The internet has reformed access to the markets – similar to Calvin’s reformation of direct access to God.
swissinfo-interview: Alexander Künzle
https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/banking-fintech/banking-secrecy-has-its-roots-in-calvinism/996110 |
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Subestación eléctrica de maniobras Magdalena I (Parque Solar Magdalena I)
NOVIEMBRE 17, 2021 PV MAGAZINE
Pirámide de la Espiral Xochitecatl, Tlaxcala
Fotografía: Gobierno del estado de Tlaxcala
La Dirección General de Impacto y Riesgo Ambiental de la Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales informa que ha recibido la documentación de la firma promovente Más Energía, para el proyecto de la Subestación eléctrica de maniobras Magdalena I (Parque Solar Magdalena I).
El proyecto consiste en la construcción, operación y mantenimiento de una subestación eléctrica de maniobras, dos accesos, y una línea eléctrica de entronque de 400 Kv que se interconectará a una línea de transmisión eléctrica existente de 400 Kv propiedad de la Comisión Federal de Electricidad para desahogar la energía eléctrica que se genera en la planta fotovoltaica parque solar Magdalena I al Sistema Eléctrico Nacional.
Este contenido está protegido por derechos de autor y no se puede reutilizar. Si desea cooperar con nosotros y desea reutilizar parte de nuestro contenido, contacte: editors@pv-magazine.com.
6 Schematic representation of a cyclotron. The distance between the pole pieces of the magnet is shown larger than reality to allow seeing what is inside
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Schematic-representation-of-a-cyclotron-The-distance-between-the-pole-pieces-of-the_fig3_237993541
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First Lady of The United States
Eleanor Roosevelt
Rolex Oyster Perpetual
I once heard a rumor that both U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt and Harry Truman wore Rolex watches. Of course, I spent a zillion hours looking for examples of them wearing Rolex watches, but to date the first U.S. President I documented wearing a Rolex was Dwight Eisenhower. When Nick Gould recently shared the following images with me of former First Lady, Eleanor Roosevelt wearing a Rolex Oyster Perpetual, I almost fell out of my chair. Nick mentioned Charlie Dunne shared them with him.
Eleanor Roosevelt is pictured below with her husband, President Roosevelt on January 20, 1941 as they return to the White House following his third term election.
Eleanor Roosevelt was one of the most beloved First Ladies of The United States and in the photo below we see the U.S. Presidents and First Ladies attending here funeral. From left to right we see Lady Bird Johnson, Jaqueline & John F. Kennedy, Lyndon Baines Johnson, Harry Truman, as well as Mamie and Dwight Eisenhower.
https://www.rolexmagazine.com/2021/02/first-lady-of-united-states-eleanor.html#/page/1 |
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I love the adventure stories with twisted plots, mysteries, puzzles. That is why I love the stories created by Dan Brown and his major character Professor Robert Langdon who was very well played by Tom Hanks in the series of successful movies. Moreover, in my travel adventures I managed to visit most of the countries, places, museums, etc, and even CERN, which are described in the books and movies. And when I watch the movies I travel back in time together with Professor Langdon.
So, today I invite you to solve great mysteries of Leonardo, Illuminati, and Dante. It’s time to refresh your knowledge of history and arts. Welcome aboard!
Jacques Saunière, a Louvre curator, is pursued through the Grand Gallery by an albino Catholic monk named Silas, who demands the location of the Priory’s “keystone” to find and destroy the Holy Grail. Saunière gives him a false lead and is murdered. The police find his body posed like Da Vinci’s Vitruvian Man. Police captain Bezu Fache has his lieutenant, Jérôme Collet, summon American symbologist Robert Langdon, who is in Paris for a lecture on the interpretation of symbols, to examine Saunière’s body.
Langdon is shown the body and a secret message, readable only by blacklight. It contains an out-of-order Fibonacci sequence. Sophie Neveu, a police cryptographer and Saunière’s granddaughter, tells Langdon that Fache planted a tracker on him after finding the words, “P.S. Find Robert Langdon” at the end of Saunière’s secret message. Fache believes that Langdon murdered Saunière. Sophie throws away the tracker, distracting the police while they sneak around the Louvre, finding more clues in Leonardo da Vinci’s works. Langdon deduces that Saunière was the grand master of the Priory of Sion. And our adventure begins.
We meet Professor Robert Langdon for the first time during his lecture. He uses Sony laptop for his presentation.
In one of the next scenes of the movie we can clearly see the van with Bosch logo. Same is for the famous French water – Badoit. We can see it in a bucket full of ice.
When Robert Langdon and Sophie Neveu (Audrey Tautou) come to the bank to retrieve the cryptex, we can see how KUKA robot picks the right box that belonged to Jacques Saunière. When the bank employee helps the main characters to pass the police, we can get a glimpse of his Rolex watch.
At Sir Leigh Teabing’s (Ian McKellen) house our guests learn more about The Last Supper painting secrets. Their host is also a fan of Sony, so we may see various TV sets and displays in the house. While enjoying their evening tea, we can as well see Heinz there, of course.
When Robert Langdon and Sophie look for a tomb in London, they borrow a Sony Ericsson smartphone to search for more information.
In the final scene of the movie we see that Robert lives in Ritz hotel in Paris, and from there he starts his evening walk to follow the Arago medallions and come to the Louvre.
The Catholic Church mourns the sudden death of Pope Pius XVI, and prepares for the papal conclave to elect his successor in Vatican City. Father Patrick McKenna (Ewan McGregor), the camerlengo, takes temporary control of the Vatican during the sede vacante period.
Meanwhile, at CERN, scientists Father Silvano Bentivoglio and Dr. Vittoria Vetra (Ayelet Zurer) create three canisters of antimatter. As Vetra goes to evaluate the experiment, she discovers that Silvano has been murdered, and one of the canisters was stolen. Shortly thereafter, four of the preferiti, the favored candidates to be elected pope, are kidnapped by a man claiming to represent the Illuminati. He sends the Vatican a warning, claiming he will murder each of the cardinals from 8 p.m. to midnight, when the stolen antimatter will explode and destroy the city, hidden somewhere within.
Unlike two other movies, there are only few product placements in Angels & Demons. And they can be divided in two categories – Sony and TV channels.
That is why we see Sony computers and displays in the first scene in CERN.
And when the events of the movie accelerate, we can see various TV channels broadcasting from Vatican City. These are Canal+, CNN, and Reuters.
And this is it for Angels & Demons. More product placements are waiting in Inferno.
Some time after helping the Vatican dealing with an antimatter threat, Harvard University professor Robert Langdon awakens in a hospital room in Florence, Italy, with no memory of what has transpired over the last few days, but being plagued with hellish visions. Dr. Sienna Brooks (Felicity Jones), the doctor tending to him, reveals that he is suffering from amnesia as a result of a bullet wound to the head. An orderly says the police are there to question Langdon but the officer turns out to be Vayentha, an assassin, who shoots the orderly while coming up the hallway. Brooks helps Langdon to escape, and they flee to her apartment.
Among Langdon’s personal belongings, Langdon and Brooks find a Faraday pointer, a miniature image projector with a modified version of Sandro Botticelli’s Map of Hell, which itself is based on Dante’s Inferno. They soon realize this is the first clue in a trail left by Bertrand Zobrist, a dangerously unstable villain who believed that rigorous measures were necessary to reduce the Earth’s growing population, and who committed suicide three days earlier after being chased by armed government agents.
When Robert Langdon wakes up in Sienna’s house, we can find various brands across her apartment. First of all we see Sony TV remote controls. And when Professor asks for coffee, Sienna goes to the kitchen where we spot tea brands like Greenfield and Twinings.
While Sienna is looking for some clothes for Robert, he decides to use her Apple MacBook to check his Google mail.
When Robert and Sienna decide to call to the consulate, we see that Sienna uses Sony smartphone. When they realize that they can trust no one, they start their investigation. First, they search for the information about Zobrist. Google, Wikipedia, and YouTube are very helpful even in the movies.
Later in the movie we see more Sony product placements – a TV set in Command Risk Consortium, a smartphone and a tablet used by Elizabeth Sinskey.
When Robert Langdon and Sienna Brooks try to escape from their enemies with the help of Christoph Bouchard, they make everyone believe they are going to fly to Switzerland via Swiss, but instead they take an Italo speed train to Venice.
When finally the truth is revealed and memory is restored, Robert and Elizabeth go to Istanbul to stop Sienna from unleashing the virus. Elizabeth shares Zobrist’s message with Robert. They watch it together on a Dell laptop.
In the final scene when Professor returns Dante’s mask to the museum, we can see the museum employee wearing the tag with the Florentine Civic Museums branding.
Unfortunately, there is no news about the future movies with Tom Hanks. And no news about any new books. Looking forward to new adventures of Professor Langdon.
I highly recommend you to visit Product Placement section of the website. You will find more amazing movie series analysed there.
https://www.marketing-psycho.com/robert-langdon-product-placement/ |
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The Da Vinci Code (2006) clip with quote And do all the drivers wear a Rolex? Yarn is the best search for video clips by quote. Find the exact moment in a ...
The Da Vinci Code (2006) clip with quote And do all the drivers wear a Rolex? Yarn is the best search for video clips by quote. Find the exact moment in a ...
The Da Vinci Code (2006) clip with quote And do all the drivers wear a Rolex? Yarn is the best search for video clips by quote. Find the exact moment in a ...
31 may 2008 — Am I mistaken or is the driver in the security van of Da Vinci Code wearing a Rolex TT??
In "The Da Vinci Code ... Collet : (looks at Vernet's wrist and the camera gives us a clear view of that 116523 on Vernet's wrist) And do all the drivers wear a ...
... WATCH MORE: ▻ Subscribe to Now Playing: bit.ly/OfficialNowPlaying ... Here you will find all of the most memorable moments, scenes ...
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Earth from Space – Arc de Triomphe, Paris
Status Report
May 13, 2022
Arc de Triomphe, Paris.
ESA
This striking, high-resolution image of the Arc de Triomphe, in Paris, was captured by Planet SkySat – a fleet of satellites that have just joined ESA’s Third Party Mission Programme in April 2022. The Arc de Triomphe, or in full Arc de Triomphe de l’Étoile, is an iconic symbol of France and one of the world’s best-known commemorative monuments. The triumphal arch was commissioned by Napoleon I in 1806 to celebrate the military achievements of the French armies. Construction of the arch began the following year, on 15 August (Napoleon’s birthday).
The arch stands at the centre of the Place Charles de Gaulle, the meeting point of 12 grand avenues which form a star (or étoile), which is why it is also referred to as the Arch of Triumph of the Star. The arch is 50 m high and 45 m wide.
The names of all French victories and generals are inscribed on the arch’s inner and outer surfaces, while the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier from World War I lies beneath its vault. The tomb’s flame is rekindled every evening as a symbol of the enduring nature of the commemoration and respect shown to those who have fallen in the name of France.
The Arc de Triomphe’s location at the Place Charles de Gaulle places it at the heart of the capital and the western terminus of the Avenue des Champs-Élysées (visible in the bottom-right of the image). Often referred to as the ‘most beautiful avenue in the world’, the Champs-Élysées is known for its theatres, cafés and luxury shops, as the finish of the Tour de France cycling race, as well as for its annual Bastille Day military parade.
This image, captured on 9 April 2022, was provided by Planet SkySat – a fleet of 21 very high-resolution satellites capable of collecting images multiple times during the day. SkySat’s satellite imagery, with 50 cm spatial resolution, is high enough to focus on areas of great interest, identifying objects such as vehicles and shipping containers.
SkySat data, along with PlanetScope (both owned and operated by Planet Labs), serve numerous commercial and governmental applications. These data are now available through ESA’s Third Party Mission programme – enabling researchers, scientists and companies from around the world the ability to access Planet’s high-frequency, high-resolution satellite data for non-commercial use.
Within this programme, Planet joins more than 50 other missions to add near-daily PlanetScope imagery, 50 cm SkySat imagery, and RapidEye archive data to this global network.
Peggy Fischer, Mission Manager for ESA’s Third Party Missions, commented, “We are very pleased to welcome PlanetScope and SkySat to ESA’s Third Party Missions portfolio and to begin the distribution of the Planet data through the ESA Earthnet Programme.
“The high-resolution and high-frequency imagery from these satellite constellations will provide an invaluable resource for the European R&D and applications community, greatly benefiting research and business opportunities across a wide range of sectors.”
To find out more on how to apply to the Earthnet Programme and get started with Planet data, click here.
– Download the full high-resolution image.
https://spaceref.com/earth/earth-from-space-arc-de-triomphe-paris/ |
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Where is Paris? Paris Latitude and Longitude (& Fun Facts)
Do you want to travel to Paris, but are not sure exactly ‘Where is Paris?’
Stunningly beautiful, the City of Light and the City of Love (and my personal favorite travel destination), is located in Northern France. People from all over the world flock to Paris for its culture, art, romance and food!
With Paris coordinates of 48°51′ N 2°21′ E (48.86 degrees North latitude and 2.35 degrees East longitude), the city lies just within the temperate zone – making it ideal for travelers looking to explore without extreme weather conditions getting in their way.
The moderate climate of Paris makes it possible for tourists to take advantage of all four seasons in this amazing city.
Ready to learn all about Paris latitude and longitude, and how this impacts the weather in Paris? Lace up your shoes and let’s go!
Disclaimer: This page may contain affiliate links. I earn a small commission if you make a purchase through these links (at no additional cost to you).
Where is Paris? Paris latitude and longitude
Where is Paris?
Paris is located in Northern France, in the region known as Ile de France. The Seine River runs through the center of Paris, further enhancing its beauty and charm.
Paris is the capital of France, a country located in Western Europe. The neighboring countries of France are Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, Italy and Spain.
City of Light, is located in northern France. Paris France coordinates are 48°51′ N 2°21′ E.
What is the latitude of Paris?
The latitude of Paris France is 48.86 degrees North of the equator. This means that Paris lies about halfway between the North Pole and the Equator.
What is the longitude of Paris?
The longitude of Paris France is 2.35 degrees East of the Prime Meridian. This means that it is located eastward from the reference line of 0 degrees longitude, or the Prime Meridian.
What parallel is Paris France?
Paris France is located in the Northern Hemisphere, so it lies on the 48th parallel north. This means that it is at 48 degrees north of the equator and halfway between the North Pole and Equator.
Paris is located around 15km south of the 49th parallel, and its main airport, the Paris Charles de Gaulle airport, lies on the 49th parallel.
Where is Paris located? The longitude and latitude of Paris are 48°51′ N 2°21′ E
Does latitude impact hours of daylight?
Yes, latitude does have an impact on hours of daylight. The higher the latitude, the longer the days in summer and the shorter the days in winter.
This is because as you move away from the equator towards either pole, there are more hours of daylight during the day or night depending on which season it is.
So, for Paris, which lies on the 48th parallel north and is located in the Northern Hemisphere, the days are longer in summer and shorter in winter. This is good to keep in mind when making your travel plans so you know how much sightseeing you can squeeze into a day!
(The days in Paris are not as long as those in London, since the latitude of London is higher than Paris.)
Does longitude impact hours of daylight?
No, longitude does not have an impact on hours of daylight. The duration of daylight at any location depends only on its latitude. Longitude is only used to pinpoint the location – it does not change the amount of daylight hours experienced in any given season.
How many hours of daylight are there in Paris in the summer?
In the summer, there are usually around 16 hours of daylight in Paris. This varies slightly from day to day, but overall, you can expect 15-16 hours of daylight during the summer months in Paris.
The longest day is on the summer solstice, which is usually the 20th or 21st of June.
In the summer, you’ll have plenty of time to see the top attractions in Paris!
The magnificent Arc de Triomphe, at the heart of the City of Light. The coordinates of Paris are 48°51′ N 2°21′ E.
How many hours of daylight are there in Paris in the winter?
In the winter, there are usually around 8-9 hours of daylight in Paris. This varies slightly from day to day, but overall, you can expect 8-9 hours of daylight during the winter months.
The shortest day is on the winter solstice, which is usually on December 21 or 22.
So, if you’re visiting Paris in the winter, be sure to plan your sightseeing carefully to make the most of those precious daylight hours! (But it does make it easier to see the illuminated monuments and enjoy a Paris by night tour without staying up until midnight!)
Does latitude affect climate?
Yes, latitude does affect climate. As you move away from the equator and closer to the poles, temperatures tend to be cooler in general.
This is why places located on higher latitudes like Paris tend to experience more temperate climates with four distinct seasons.
Places at lower latitudes (closer to the equator), will tend to experience more tropical climates with very little temperature variation. So, latitude definitely plays a role in determining the climate of an area.
Do keep in mind that latitude is not the only factor impacting climate. Climates will also differ due to factors such as elevation or proximity to large bodies of water.
What is the climate in Paris?
The climate in Paris is classified as a temperate oceanic climate.
The summers are warm and humid, while the winters tend to be rainy with cool temperatures. Spring and autumn are generally mild but can vary greatly in temperature.
“It’s Paris. You don’t come here for the weather.”
Adrian Leeds (This is one of the best Paris quotes — funny but so true!)
What is the daily temperature range in Paris?
The daily temperature range in Paris varies greatly depending on the season.
In the summer, Paris temperatures typically range from 19-26°C (66-79°F). Sometimes Paris may get a heat wave, so if you’re visiting in the summer, you’ll want to ensure that your hotel has air conditioning (not all Paris hotels do).
Take a midday break in the shade in one of the lovely gardens of Paris, such as the Luxembourg Gardens. And be sure to drink plenty of water to stay hydrated! Take advantage of the fountains and refill with free drinking water in Paris.
In the winter, Paris temperatures range from 3-12°C (37-54°F) on average. The temperature can also drop down to below 0°C (32°F) in the coldest months of January and February.
It’s important to plan accordingly and bring appropriate clothing for each season when visiting Paris! Temperatures can vary quite a bit beyond yearly averages, so be prepared with layering options.
Our first trip to France was in the month of September. We expected it to be cooler and didn’t pack any shorts. The weather turned out to be unseasonably warm, and we really wished that we had brought more options! It can be hard to predict what to pack for fall in Europe.
Learn more about Paris temperatures and rainfall by month.
Does it snow in Paris?
Yes, it does snow in Paris. On average, Paris gets around 20-30 days of snow each winter, with December being the month when snowfall is most likely. Snow usually falls in small amounts and melts quickly.
What city is on the same latitude as Paris?
Some popular cities in southern Canada are close to the same latitude as Paris. The latitude of Victoria BC is 48.43°N, which is very similar to Paris’ 48.86°N. And the latitude of Vancouver BC is 49.28°N, which is just slightly higher (a smidge further north) than Paris’ 48.86°N.
In Europe, the latitude of Stuttgart Germany is 48.77°N, and Brno Czech Republic is 49.2°N, both of which are fairly close to Paris’ latitude.
This Paris latitude map shows that Paris is further north than the major cities in the continental United States
What US city is on the same latitude as Paris?
Most of the continental United States is further south than Paris. The state of Alaska is of course much further north than Paris!
The closest US ‘big city’ to the latitude of Paris is Seattle, Washington, which has a latitude of 47.62 degrees north. Rolla, North Dakota has a latitude of 48.09 degrees north, which is very close to the latitude of Paris.
Is Paris the same latitude as NY?
No, Paris is not located at the same latitude as New York City. The latitude of New York City is 40.71° N, which is around 8 degrees south of the 48th parallel north where Paris is located.
People are always surprised to learn the New York is much further south than Paris is!
Paris Longitude and Latitude Fun Facts
What is the Eiffel Tower latitude and longitude?
The latitude of the Eiffel Tower is 48.86° N, and its longitude is 2.29° E. The Eiffel Tower is the most iconic symbol of Paris and a must-see for any visitor to the City of Light!
What is the latitude of Versailles?
The latitude of Versailles is 48.8024° N. The Palace of Versailles is one of my favorite day trips from Paris and can easily be reached by train. The gardens of Versailles are spectacular!
What is the latitude of Disneyland Paris?
The latitude of Disneyland Paris is 48.87 degrees north. Disneyland Paris is a fun day trip from Paris by train.
Latitude and Longitude FAQ
What is latitude?
Latitude is one of the two coordinates of a point on the Earth’s surface, together with longitude. Latitude is measured in degrees north or south of the equator and ranges from 0° at the Equator to 90°N/S at the poles.
What is the equator?
The equator is an imaginary line that circles the Earth and divides it into two hemispheres: the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere. It is located at 0 degrees latitude, halfway between the North Pole and South Pole.
What is longitude?
Longitude is also one of two coordinates used to pinpoint a location on the Earth’s surface, along with latitude. It is measured in degrees east or west of the Prime Meridian and ranges from 0° at the Prime Meridian to 180° east/west. The longitude of Paris is 2.35 degrees East, meaning that it lies 2.35° east of the Prime Meridian.
Knowing both latitude and longitude coordinates lets you accurately pinpoint the location of any place on Earth, including Paris!
What is the Prime Meridian?
The Prime Meridian is an imaginary line that runs through Greenwich, England and marks the reference line for longitude. It was created by the British Royal Observatory in 1851.
The Prime Meridian is located at 0 degrees longitude and divides the Earth into two halves: the Eastern Hemisphere and Western Hemisphere. All other locations on Earth have a specific angle of longitude depending on how far east or west they lie from the Prime Meridian.
What is the difference between latitude and longitude?
Latitude and longitude are two coordinates used to pinpoint a location on the Earth’s surface. Latitude is measured in degrees north or south of the equator, and ranges from 0° at the Equator to 90°N/S at the poles. Longitude measures how far east or west something is of the Prime Meridian, and ranges from 0° at the Prime Meridian to 180° east/west.
What is a parallel?
A parallel is an imaginary line on the Earth’s surface that circles around the globe. It is measured in degrees north or south of the equator and ranges from 0° at the Equator to 90°N/S at the poles. The 48th parallel north, where Paris is located, circles around halfway between the North Pole and Equator.
Is a parallel the same as latitude?
No, a parallel is not the same as latitude. A parallel is an imaginary line on the Earth’s surface that circles around the globe, whereas latitude is one of two coordinates of a point on the Earth’s surface together with longitude.
Latitude ranges from 0° at the Equator to 90°N/S at the poles, and longitude ranges from 0° at the Prime Meridian to 180° east/west. Knowing both latitude and longitude coordinates lets you accurately pinpoint the location of any place on Earth, including Paris!
Final Thoughts:
There you have it! Now you know everything about the latitude and longitude of Paris.
And you’ll be well informed for what to expect when visiting Paris in different seasons, from seasonal temperatures to hours of daylight (all of which are impacted by the latitude of Paris!)
So, who’s ready to start planning their next trip to Paris? We know we are!
With this helpful information, you’ll be able to make the most of your time in Paris. Bon voyage!
Do you love Paris? Me too! You might enjoy these posts about the City of Light:
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