El relicario, que fue realizado aproximadamente entre 1190 y 1225 por el orfebre Nicolás de Verdún, es considerado el relicario más grande y artísticamente exigente que se ha conservado de la Edad Media. Está construido en dos niveles en forma de basílica y decorado con figuras doradas, joyas de piedras preciosas, gemas, camafeos y esmaltes, que ilustran la historia de la salvación cristiana desde los comienzos del Antiguo Testamento hasta el Juicio Final. Se le considera el punto culminante del arte mosano y el relicario más grande en el mundo occidental.
Moneda de plata de Colonia de 1516 que representa a los Reyes Magos.
Durante la Segunda cruzada, el obispo de Milán San Eustorgio, religioso noble de origen helénico, visitó Constantinopla para que el Emperador le permitiera aceptar su reciente nombramiento; este no sólo le dio su consentimiento, sino que además le hizo un regalo inolvidable: las veneradas reliquias rescatadas en el año 300 d. C. por la emperatriz Elena, madre del emperador romano Constantino I, en Saba.
En los días de Felipe de Heinsberg fue construido el relicario de los tres magos. Esto me fue confirmado por algunos testigos oculares que estaban presentes cuando los tres magos fueron puestos en el relicario.
Partes del relicario fueron diseñadas por el famoso orfebre medieval, Nicolás de Verdún, que empezó el trabajo en el año 1180 o 1181. Tiene esculturas de oro elaboradas de los profetas y apóstoles, y de las escenas de la vida de Cristo. El relicario se completó hacia 1225.
Alrededor de 1199, el emperador Otón IV entregó tres coronas áureas para los reyes magos como un donación a la iglesia de Colonia: «Otto rex coloniensis curiam celebrans tres coronas de auro capitibus trium magorum imposuit»; MGSS 17, 292. A causa de la importancia del relicario y la catedral para el posterior desarrollo de la ciudad, el escudo de armas de Colonia muestra todavía las tres coronas que simbolizan a los Tres Reyes.
La construcción de la actual catedral de Colonia se empezó en 1248 para albergar estas importantes reliquias. La construcción de la catedral tomó 632 años, para llegar a ser actualmente la iglesiagótica más grande de Europa septentrional.
El 20 de julio de 1864, el relicario se abrió, y fueron descubiertos restos de los Tres Reyes y monedas de Philipp von Heinsberg. El informe de un testigo ocular cuenta:
En un compartimiento especial del relicario que ahora se ve —junto con lo que queda de antiguas, viejas y podridas vendas, probablemente de biso, y con restos de resinas aromáticas y sustancias semejantes— numerosos huesos de tres personas, que bajo la guía de varios expertos presentes se podrían reunir en cuerpos casi completos: uno en su juventud temprana, el segundo en su virilidad temprana, el tercero más bien envejecido. Dos monedas, bracteates argentinos acuñados sólo por una cara, acompañaban lo anterior; uno, probablemente de los días de Philipp von Heinsberg, mostraba una iglesia, el otro mostraba una cruz, acompañado de la espada de mando a un lado, y del báculo obispal al otro.2
Nota: «Así como la moneda de Philipp en Hartzheim, coloniensis de nummariae de rei de historia, tabla 3 n.os 14, 16 (1754),3 pero sin inscripción; la otra (moneda) en forma cuadrada, con en el centro una cruz, acompañada de la espada de mando a un lado, y del báculo obispal al otro, también sin inscripción, ciertamente no es más reciente y podría ser quizá una moneda de Reinaldo [de Dassel]».4
Los huesos se envolvieron en seda blanca y fueron devueltos al relicario.
El relicario de los Reyes Magos tiene unas dimensiones aproximadas de 110 cm de ancho, 153 cm de alto, y 220 cm de largo. Los tres sarcófagos están superpuestos, tomando la forma de una especie de basílica: dos sarcófagos descansan pegados el uno al otro, y el tercer sarcófago descansa sobre las aristas superiores de los otros dos. Los laterales están completamente cubiertos, así que no hay espacio visible entre los sarcófagos. La estructura básica está hecha de madera, recubierta de oro y plata y decorada con filigranas, esmalte, y unas mil piedras preciosas. Estas últimas incluyen muchos camafeos y piezas grabadas, alguna aún precristiana.
Todo el relicario está envuelto con una elaborada cubierta decorativa. Hay 74 figuras en bajorrelieve de plata dorada en total, sin contar las figuras adicionales, más pequeñas, en la decoración del fondo. En los lados, las imágenes de profetas decoran la parte más baja, mientras que las imágenes de los apóstoles y evangelistas decoran la parte superior. Un extremo muestra (a través del fondo, de izquierda a derecha) imágenes de la Adoración de los Magos, María entronizada con el niño Jesús, y el Bautismo de Cristo, y arriba, Cristo entronizado en el Juicio Final. El otro extremo muestra las escenas de la Pasión: El Martirio de Cristo (abajo izquierda) y la Crucifixión (abajo izquierda), con Cristo resucitado arriba. Este extremo tiene asimismo un busto de Reinaldo de Dassel en el centro.
En la novela Baudolino (2000), Umberto Eco describe el descubrimiento y el donativo subsiguiente de las reliquias de Magos como un bulo del siglo xii perpetrado por el protagonista de la novela.
En la novela Mapa de huesos (2005), de James Rollins, el relicario contiene oro en estado monoatómico, producido por los Reyes Magos, en lugar de las santas reliquias.
En la novela Mercado de espejismos (2007) de Felipe Benítez Reyes, se describe irónicamente las aventuras de un grupo de traficantes de reliquias a las que se les dio como encargo el robo del relicario. La novel
And going into the house, they saw the child with Mary his mother, and they fell down and worshiped him. Then, opening their treasures, they offered him gifts, gold and frankincense and myrrh. (Matthew 2:11, ESV)
ALCHIMIA E MASSONERIA A VENEZIA - SECONDA PARTE La Chiesa di Santa Maria Maddalena a Cannaregio
SULLE TRACCE DI SIMBOLI E LUOGHI DI TRADIZIONI INIZIATICHE
La Chiesa di Maria Maddalena, a Cannaregio, è l’edificio più rappresentativo del potere e della ricchezza di alcune famiglie appartenenti alla Massoneria veneziana, che riuscirono a far costruire il tempio secondo i criteri di questa associazione. L’architetto ed erudito Tommaso Temanza, confratello di un’importante loggia massonica, nel 1763 progettò l’edificio con pianta circolare, in stile neoclassico e fece incidere sull’architrave della porta uno dei simboli più caratteristici della Massoneria: l’occhio all’interno di un cerchio iscritto in un triangolo.
Al di sotto la scritta ‘SAPIENTIA AEDIFICAVIT SIBI DOMUM’, inneggiante alla divina sapienza. All’interno della Chiesa molti sono i richiami espliciti all’associazione e la stessa tomba del Temanza porta incisi sulla lapide la squadra, la riga ed il compasso, strumenti-simbolo che ne attestavano l’appartenenza alla Massoneria (i confratelli, tra loro, si chiamano ‘muratori’).
New International Version It is as if the dew of Hermon were falling on Mount Zion. For there the LORD bestows his blessing, even life forevermore.
New Living Translation Harmony is as refreshing as the dew from Mount Hermon that falls on the mountains of Zion. And there the LORD has pronounced his blessing, even life everlasting.
English Standard Version It is like the dew of Hermon, which falls on the mountains of Zion! For there the LORD has commanded the blessing, life forevermore.
Berean Standard Bible It is like the dew of Hermon falling on the mountains of Zion. For there the LORD has bestowed the blessing of life forevermore.
King James Bible As the dew of Hermon, and as the dew that descended upon the mountains of Zion: for there the LORD commanded the blessing, even life for evermore.
New King James Version It is like the dew of Hermon, Descending upon the mountains of Zion; For there the LORD commanded the blessing— Life forevermore.
New American Standard Bible It is like the dew of Hermon Coming down upon the mountains of Zion; For the LORD commanded the blessing there—life forever.
NASB 1995 It is like the dew of Hermon Coming down upon the mountains of Zion; For there the LORD commanded the blessing— life forever.
NASB 1977 It is like the dew of Hermon, Coming down upon the mountains of Zion; For there the LORD commanded the blessing—life forever.
Legacy Standard Bible It is like the dew of Hermon Coming down upon the mountains of Zion; For there, Yahweh commanded the blessing—life forever.
Amplified Bible It is like the dew of [Mount] Hermon Coming down on the hills of Zion; For there the LORD has commanded the blessing: life forevermore.
Christian Standard Bible It is like the dew of Hermon falling on the mountains of Zion. For there the LORD has appointed the blessing — life forevermore.
Holman Christian Standard Bible It is like the dew of Hermon falling on the mountains of Zion. For there the LORD has appointed the blessing— life forevermore.
American Standard Version Like the dew of Hermon, That cometh down upon the mountains of Zion: For there Jehovah commanded the blessing, Even life for evermore.
Contemporary English Version It is like the dew from Mount Hermon, falling on Zion's mountains, where the LORD has promised to bless his people with life forevermore.
English Revised Version Like the dew of Hermon, that cometh down upon the mountains of Zion: for there the LORD commanded the blessing, even life for evermore.
GOD'S WORD® Translation It is like dew on [Mount] Hermon, dew which comes down on Zion's mountains. That is where the LORD promised the blessing of eternal life.
Good News Translation It is like the dew on Mount Hermon, falling on the hills of Zion. That is where the LORD has promised his blessing--life that never ends.
International Standard Version It is like the dew of Hermon falling on Zion's mountains. For there the LORD commanded his blessing— life everlasting.
Majority Standard Bible It is like the dew of Hermon falling on the mountains of Zion. For there the LORD has bestowed the blessing of life forevermore.
NET Bible It is like the dew of Hermon, which flows down upon the hills of Zion. Indeed that is where the LORD has decreed a blessing will be available--eternal life.
New Heart English Bible like the dew of Hermon, that comes down on the hills of Zion: for there the LORD gives the blessing, even life forevermore.
Webster's Bible Translation As the dew of Hermon, and as the dew that descended upon the mountains of Zion: for there the LORD commanded the blessing, even life for ever.
World English Bible like the dew of Hermon, that comes down on the hills of Zion; for there Yahweh gives the blessing, even life forever more.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version As dew of Hermon—That comes down on hills of Zion, "" For there YHWH commanded the blessing—Life for all time!
Young's Literal Translation As dew of Hermon -- That cometh down on hills of Zion, For there Jehovah commanded the blessing -- Life unto the age!
Smith's Literal Translation As the dew of Hermon coming down upon the mountains of Zion: for there Jehovah commanded the blessing, life even forever.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible as the dew of Hermon, which descendeth upon mount Sion. For there the Lord hath commandeth blessing, and life for evermore.
Catholic Public Domain Version It is like the dew of Hermon, which descended from mount Zion. For in that place, the Lord has commanded a blessing, and life, even unto eternity.
New American Bible Like dew of Hermon coming down upon the mountains of Zion. There the LORD has decreed a blessing, life for evermore!
New Revised Standard Version It is like the dew of Hermon, which falls on the mountains of Zion. For there the LORD ordained his blessing, life forevermore.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible Like the dew of Hermon that falls upon the mount of Zion; for there the LORD commanded the blessing, even life for evermore.
Peshitta Holy Bible Translated Like the dew of Hermon that descends upon the mountain of Zion, because there LORD JEHOVAH commanded the blessing and the Life unto eternity.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917 Like the dew of Hermon, That cometh down upon the mountains of Zion; For there the LORD commanded the blessing, Even life for ever.
Brenton Septuagint Translation As the dew of Aermon, that comes down on the mountains of Sion: for there, the Lord commanded the blessing, even life for ever.
The great circle alignment from Giza to Alexandria has an azimuth of 51.85° north of due west from Giza (the same angle as the slope of the Great Pyramid). Extended beyond Alexandria, this great circle also crosses over Delphi, Rollright and Newgrange, as well as the city of London.
Dendera was dedicated to Isis/Sirius. The ancient Egyptian year began on the date of the heliacal rising of Sirius in mid July. The helical rising of Sirius heralded the annual inundation of the Nile that was essential to the welfare of ancient Egypt. The axis of the temple of Isis at Dendera was aligned 20° south of due east, pointing directly at the rising point of Sirius from the latitude of Dendera.
Robert Bauval describes a number of connections between Isis/Sirius and Paris in Talisman (2004). Isis is shown riding on a boat in many ancient Egyptian drawings and carvings. At the direction of Napoleon, Sirius and a statue of Isis were added to the coat of arms for Paris shown below.
During the French revolution, a statue of Isis known as the Fountain of Regeneration was constructed on the former site of the Bastille. The engraving below commemorated this statue.
The Elysian Fields is described as a place of eternal salvation in the ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead. Named after the Elysian Fields, the Champs Elysees is the main axis of Paris. The names Elysian and Elysees both suggest an association with Isis. The photograph below is facing southeast. The Arc de Triumphe is visible in the background. Beyond the Arc de Triumphe is the Louvre. The azimuth of the Champs Elysees is 26° south of due east, pointing directly at the rising point of Sirius/Isis from the latitude of Paris.
The termination point of the Champs Elysees to the northwest is the Grande Arche, in the foreground of the picture above. The axis of the Grande Arche is offset 6.33° south of the axis of the Champs Elysees. With an azimuth of just over 32° south of due east, the azimuth of the axis of the Grande Arche is the same as the azimuth of the great circle alignment from Paris to Dendera.
The Grande Arche is a nearly perfect cube with a height of 110 meters, a width of 108 meters and a depth of 112 meters. It is often described as a cube with side lengths of 110 meters. This is equal to 210 ancient Egyptian cubits:
110/210 = .5238
.5238 meters is a precise measure of the ancient Egyptian cubit, equating to 20.6222 inches, well within the ± .005 inches in Petrie's 20.62 inch measure of the ancient Egyptian cubit. Instead of the usual comparisons between the cubit and the meter of .52375/1 or .524/1, the best comparative measure may be the simple fraction of 11/21 that is suggested by the Grande Arche.
The sides of the Grande Arche are divided into 5 x 5 large panels and within each large panel are 7 x 7 smaller panels. Side lengths of 110 meters suggest lengths of 22 meters for the sides of the large panels with lengths of 22/7 meters for the sides of the smaller panels. The fraction 22/7 equals 3.1428, an accurate expression of π that is also found in the dimensions of the Great Pyramid. Side lengths of 210 cubits in the Grande Arche suggest lengths of 42 cubits for the sides of the large panels and 6 cubits for the sides of the smaller panels. This also shows that the relationship between the meter and the cubit is 6/π, using the measure of 22/7 for π:
21/11 = 6/π
22/7 x 21/11 = 6
The northern pyramid at Dashur, known as the Red Pyramid, was the first true (smooth sided) pyramid built in Egypt and it was the last pyramid built prior to construction of the Great Pyramid. The baselengths of the Red Pyramid are 420 cubits (220 meters) long, 20x multiples of 21/11.
One of the oldest stone circles in England is at Rollright. The diameter of the Rollright circle is 31.4 meters, an accurate expression of π times 10 meters. Given the 6/π relationship between the meter and the cubit, the diameter of the Rollright circle is also 60 ancient Egyptian cubits.