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Anj
De Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre
Archivo:Ankh.svg El Anj (ˁnḫ) (☥) es un jeroglífico egipcio que significa "vida", un símbolo muy utilizado en la iconografía de esta cultura. También se la denomina cruz ansada (cruz con la parte superior en forma de óvalo, lazo, asa o ansa), crux ansata en latín, la "llave de la vida" o la "cruz egipcia".
Se puede encontrar ocasionalmente su trasliteración inglesa, Ankh; italiana, Ankh; alemana, Anch y francesa, Ânkh, todas las cuales se pronuncian /'anx/.
[editar] Simbología egipcia
El dios Horus portando el símbolo anj.
En el Antiguo Egipto se relacionó con los dioses (necher) que eran representados portando dicho símbolo, indicando sus competencias sobre la vida y la muerte, su inmanencia y condición de eternos; relacionado con los hombres, significa la búsqueda de la inmortalidad, razón por la cual es utilizada para describir la vida o la idea de vida después de la muerte, entendida como inmortalidad, al principio sólo digna del faraón y, después del Imperio Nuevo, de todos los egipcios al evolucionar sus creencias, tal como se describe en el Libro de los Muertos. El anj se relacionó, como símbolo de renacimiento, con la diosa Isis y con su esposo Osiris, ya que cuando fue asesinado por su hermano, su esposa lo resucitó mediante la ayuda de Anubis.
Otra hipótesis presupone que la "T" de la parte inferior del "anj" representaría, estilizados, los atributos sexuales masculinos, mientras que el asa representaría el útero o el pubis de la mujer, como reconciliación de los opuestos;[1] podría simbolizar la reproducción y la unión sexual. Hathor, la diosa de la alegría de vivir y de la muerte, daba vida con ella. En muchos aspectos se corresponde con las diosas Inanna, Ishtar, Astarté, Afrodita y Venus.[2] También se podría comparar el 'anj' con un plantador (de ahí el significado de "vida"). El asa recibe el nombre de asidero y la parte superior, un cartucho circular, sería donde iba la semilla para plantarla.
Varios faraones incluyeron este jeroglífico en su titulatura, nombre, o formando parte de sus epítetos, como el célebre Tutankamón (Tut-anj-Amón) "Imagen viviente de Amón".
Jeroglífico de anillo con sello.
[editar] Origen del símbolo
Aunque se desconoce el origen del símbolo anj, si se observa la evolución de la escritura jeroglífica egipcia, es probable que el "anj" tuviera relación con el signo jeroglífico del anillo con sello (šnw). En el Antiguo Egipto, el jeroglífico del sello es posible precedente del cartucho egipcio (šnw), que se utilizó para enmarcar y «proteger» el nombre de los faraones, al encerrar los jeroglíficos de su nombre dentro de él.
[editar] Evolución del uso y la forma del "anj"
Relieve copto: "cruz con asa".
Pesa con el símbolo de Tanit.
Desde el siglo II d. C., con la difusión del cristianismo en el Valle del Nilo, se produjeron sincretismos: uno de ellos fue la adopción por parte de los cristianos egipcios (después llamados coptos) del símbolo "anj" como una modalidad de cruz cristiana.
Las misiones de monjes cristianos que desde el siglo III partieron desde Egipto difundieron, muy probablemente, el antiguo símbolo hacia lugares distantes. Así se habrían originado la cruz irlandesa, por una parte, y la cruz armenia por la otra, ambas con un círculo en el centro.
[editar] Símbolos con formas similares
En el primer milenio a. C. aparece representado un símbolo que guarda semejanza: el neocananeo (cartaginés) para Tanit; muchas veces el símbolo de la principal diosa cartaginesa es muy similar al del anj. En el caso del origen del símbolo de Tanit, éste parece representar, esquemáticamente, a la deidad femenina vestida con los brazos abiertos "en cruz", siendo el círculo sobre la "T" una estilización de su cabeza.
El hecho de que en la mitología Egipcia el dios Jnum, alfarero, moldee al hombre y grabe el Anj en la frente para darle vida lo relaciona con el Golem y con El Símbolo (Oth) de la cábala hebrea, un símbolo, una letra, en teoría existente en el pasado y perdido que permitía dar la vida.
Un signo muy similar, con el lazo rellenado, se ha encontrado en Perú siendo utilizado en la Cultura Mochica.[3]
Un símbolo similar (♀) se utilizaba para representar a la diosa romana Venus. Este símbolo, llamado "espejo de Venus", parece estar más relacionado con el útero.
En astrología el mismo símbolo se emplea para representar el planeta Venus, en biología para hacer referencia al sexo femenino, y en alquimia para el cobre.
[editar] Filmografía, literatura y juegos
El anj se ha relacionado con las criaturas inmortales por excelencia, los vampiros, tanto en la literatura como en la cinematografía (El ansia) o en la película The black cat, en mangas y animes (Yu Gi Oh, Jojo's Bizarre Adventure) o en juegos de rol como Vampiro: la mascarada. Se utiliza en el libro y la película homónima de ciencia-ficción "Fuga del Siglo 23" o "La Fuga de Logan" (Logan's Run), o en la saga de juegos Ultima como icono de una de las ocho virtudes de Britannia (la espiritualidad), además de ser el símbolo del Avatar. Asimismo, en el popular cómic de Neil Gaiman,The Sandman, Muerte utiliza un anj. En la serie Lost (Perdidos), el anj y la simbología egipcia cobran un papel importante en las últimas temporadas.
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Messaggio 2 di 66 di questo argomento |
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Ankh
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Ankh ( /ˈæŋk/ or /ˈɑːŋk/; U+2625 ☥ or U+132F9
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The Ancient Ankh Symbol of Life
The Ancient Ankh, Symbol of Life
by Jimmy Dunn writing as Taylor Ray Ellison
The Ankh was, for the ancient Egyptians, the symbol (the actual Hieroglyphic sign) of life but it is an enduring icon that remains with us even today as a Christian cross. It is one of the most potent symbols represented in Egyptian art, often forming a part of decorative motifs.
The ankh seems at least to be an evolved form of, or associated with the Egyptian glyph for magical protection, sa. However, what the sign itself represents is often disputed. For example, Sir Alan Gardiner thought that it showed a sandal strap with the loop at the top forming the strap, but if so, the symbolism is obscure and so his theory has found little real favor early on. However, this interpretation seems to have received some acceptance among modern writers. It would seem that the ancient Egyptians called that part of the sandal 'nkh (exact pronunciation unknown). Because this word was composed of the same consonants as the word "life", the sign to represent that particular part of the sandal, was also used to write the word "life".
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18th Dynasty ankh from the reign of Amenhotep II made of Wood;
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An early Ankh amulet made of Lapis Lazuli
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Another theory holds that the ankh was symbolic of the sunrise, with the loop representing the Sun rising above the horizon, which is represented by the crossbar. The vertical section below the crossbar would then be the path of the sun
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An Osiris Pillar of Senusret I from the 12th Dynasty;
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The Coffin of Ahmose Nefertari (18th Dynasty) holding on to life
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Wolfhart Westendorf felt it was associated with the tyet emblem, or the "knot of Isis". He thought both were ties for ceremonial girdles. Winfried Barta connected the ankh with the royal cartouche in which the king's name was written, while others have even identified it as a penis sheath. The presence of a design resembling a pubic triangle on one ankh of the New kingdom
seems to allow for the idea that the sign may be a specifically sexual symbol. In fact, guides in Egypt today like to tell tourists that the circle at the top represents the female sexual organ, while the stump at the bottom the male organ and the crossed line, the children of the union. However, while this interpretation may have a long tradition, there is no scholarly research that would suggest such an exact meaning.
The ankh, on some temple walls in Upper Egypt, could also symbolize water in rituals of purification. Here, the king would stand between two gods, one of whom was usually Thoth, as they poured over him a stream of libations represented by ankhs.
The ancient gods of Egypt are often depicted as carrying ankh signs. We find Anqet, Ptah, Satet, Sobek, Tefnut, Osiris, Ra, Isis, Hathor, Anibus and many other gods often holding the ankh sign, along with a scepter, and in various tomb and temple reliefs, placing it in front of the king's face to symbolize the breath of eternal life. During the Amarna period, the ankh sign was depicted being offered to Akhenaten and Nefertiti by the hands at the end of the rays descending from the sun disk, Aten. Therefore, the ankh sign is not only a symbol of worldly life, but of life in the netherworld. Therefore, we also find the dead being referred to as ankhu, and a term for a sarcophagus was neb-ankh, meaning possessor of life.
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Nefertari receives life from Isis;
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Amenhotep II receives life from Anubis
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It is at least interesting that the ankh word was used for mirrors from at least the Middle Kingdom onward, and that indeed, many mirrors were shaped in the form of an ankh sign. Life and death mirror each other, and in any number of ancient religions, mirrors were used for purposes of divination.
In fact, the ankh sign in ancient Egypt seems to have transcended illiteracy, being comprehensible to even those who could not read. Hence, we even find it as a craftsman's mark on pottery vessels.
As the Christian era eclipsed Egypt's pharaonic pagan religion, the sign was adapted by the Coptic church as their unique form of a cross, known as the crux ansata.
References:
Title
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Author
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Date
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Publisher
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Reference Number
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Ancient Egypt The Great Discoveries (A Year-by-Year Chronicle)
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Reeves, Nicholas
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2000
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Thmes & Hudson, Ltd
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ISBN 0-500-05105-4
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Ancient Egyptian Books of the Afterlife, The
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Hornung, Erik
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1999
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Cornell University Press
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ISBN 0-8014-3515-3
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Ancient Gods Speak, The: A Guide to Egyptian Religion
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Redford, Donald B.
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2002
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Oxford University Press
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ISBN 0-19-515401-0
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Dictionary of Ancient Egypt, The
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Shaw, Ian; Nicholson, Paul
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1995
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Harry N. Abrams, Inc., Publishers
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ISBN 0-8109-3225-3
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Egyptian Treasures from the Egyptian Museum in Cairo
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Tiradritti, Francesco, Editor
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1999
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Harry N. Abrams, Inc.
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ISBN 0-8109-3276-8
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Gods and Myths of Ancient Egypt
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Armour, Robert A.
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1986
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American University in Cairo Press, The
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ISBN 977 424 669 1
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Quest for Immortality, The: Treasures of Ancient Egypt
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Hornung, Erik & Bryan, Betsy M., Editors
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2002
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National Gallery of Art
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ISBN 3-7913-2735-6
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Valley of the Kings
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Weeks, Kent R.
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2001
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Friedman/Fairfax
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ISBN 1-5866-3295-7
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Archive
Last Updated: October 23rd, 2011
http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/ankh.htm
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Messaggio 3 di 66 di questo argomento |
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ANK / AN- K / ANU KEY / KEY OF LIFE
Canon of Measure and the "K" or "Ka" Symbol
excerpt from Saturn: Source of Measure by Bernard I. Pietsch
"Sacred measures are hidden only in the sense of being obscured by the filter of phenomenal or local observation. They are founded on that which is beyond mere appearance. Because they are relative to a larger framework than that which is visible here on Earth we sometimes refer to Canon measures as cosmic values.
"One of the keys to the domain of the cosmic is represented by the "K" symbol. K represents the ratio with which we part the veil. From the phenomenal world we enter the cosmic realm—a dimension where Time, Distance, Velocity, Number, and Geometry become co-in-ci-dent with one another, where one is an expression of all, where everything is in one thing, and where the law "as above, so below" becomes observable. Here the application and utility of Number in all its forms transcend the limitations imposed upon it by ordinary logic. Here, Number can become Time, distance, angle, ratio, logarithm. We have but to invoke the magic inherent in Number, and all is made available.
"K is the number 1.01430555. With it, the first measures to be unveiled are those of Time. The ancients understood the intimate and inseparable relationship of Time with all dimensions. (With K we will reveal the legendary "harmony of the spheres." But first some groundwork must be laid.)
"For a number of important reasons we adopt the solar year indicated by the base of Cheops Pyramid as the value 365.15 days which is 36,515 inches around the perimeter of the base. This number divided by K produces the Sacred or Cosmic Year of 360 days. The same length of time is involved but the relationship of the year to the circle of 360 is clearly established. From this ancient Sacred Year we derive the following units:
ONE COSMIC YEAR |
360 Days |
525816 Minutes |
8763.6 Hours |
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ONE COSMIC DAY |
24.34333 Hours |
1460.6 Minutes |
87636 Seconds |
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"The derivation of the Sacred Day of 24 hours 20 minutes and 36 seconds is not only a mathematical construction. This is also the day (mean cosmic) responded to by plants and organisms. These circadian rhythms tend to be about 20 minutes longer than the mean solar day of 24 hours; biological rhythms in humans as well seem to follow this cycle. Also notice the number of minutes in the Cosmic Year: 525816. Dividing this by 100 renders the number for the feet in the Canon Mile. The mile has its origin in sacred time."
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The color Black is for Isis Mourning Red is also her color Lady in Red, Lady of the Red Apparel, and Black-robed Isis So the Black and Red inner four stones go with the Isis theme She is Mistress of all the element Queen of the Winds Queen of the Earth Queen of the Rivers Lady of the Flame The Greco-Roman festival of Ploiaphesia, also called Isidis Navigum, the Festival of the Ship of Isis, celebrates Isis as sea goddess and as the goddess of navigation
_________________ Everything is Connected and there are no coincidences
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5 Mar 2010 – Aset (Isis) Ploiaphesia: Roman holy day. Also called the Isidis Navigum (the Festival of the Ship of Isis). The Romans celebrated on January 5th ...
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25 Aug 2012 – Isis. Ploiaphesia: Ploiaphesia: Roman holy day. Also called the Isidis Navigum ( the Festival of the Ship of. Isis). The Romans celebrated on ...
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The Greco-Roman festival of Ploiaphesia, also called Isidis Navigum, the Festival of the Ship of Isis, celebrates Isis as sea goddess and as the goddess of ...
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Also called the Isidis Navigum (the Festival of the Ship of Isis). The Romans celebrated on January 5th and 6th, but the original Egyptian celebration was on ...
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5 Mar 2012 – This is the ancient Egyptian festival of Isidis Navigum (the ship of Isis) or the Ploiaphesia which honored Isis' invention of the sail and her ...
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Known by ancient Egyptians (and later, Romans) as the festival of Isidis Navigum (the Blessing of the Ship of Isis). 6. Happy Birthday today to Laurie Cabot, ...
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This ancient Egyptian ritual performance continued as the Greco-Roman festival of Ploiaphesia, also called Isidis Navigum. The Festival of the Ship of Isis ...
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7 Mar 2008 – This is the ancient Egyptian festival of Isidis Navigum (the ship of Isis) or the Ploiaphesia which honored Isis' invention of the sail and her ...
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8 Mar 2011 – march 5th began the festival of the Ship of Isis, Isidis Navigium, ... and the Isidis Navigum was celebrated in france of the gothic period. an ...
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24 Jul 2012 – The Greco-Roman festival of Ploiaphesia, also called Isidis Navigum, the Festival of the Ship of Isis, celebrates Isis as sea goddess and as the ...
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ANK / AN- K / ANU KEY / KEY OF LIFE
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